Genuine leather, as a natural and unique material, is widely used in furniture, footwear, clothing, and many other fields. However, there are many counterfeit and inferior leather products on the market, so mastering the identification methods of genuine leather is particularly important. Next, we will introduce several commonly used genuine leather identification techniques.

First, observe the texture of the leather. Genuine leather has a clear and natural texture, feels soft and elastic. Second, the quality can be judged by observing the cross-section of the leather. The cross-section of high-quality genuine leather is distinct, with tight and uniform fibers. In addition, the burning method can also be used to identify genuine leather. Take a small piece of leather and burn it. If it produces a pungent smell when burning, and the ash after burning is in chunks, it is likely to be artificial leather or synthetic leather, not genuine leather.

In summary, through observing the texture, checking the cross-section, and using the burning method, we can better identify the quality of genuine leather and choose high-quality leather products.
1. Genuine leather has natural and inconsistent grain, while artificial leather usually has more consistent grain.
2. Touching genuine leather, you will feel a fleshy (or skin-like) astringency, which is due to its surface fiber structure. In contrast, artificial leather feels smoother.
3. Genuine leather has a unique animal smell, which is a hallmark of natural leather. Artificial leather usually has a smell of chemical raw materials.
4. Through the burning test, genuine leather will emit a burnt smell of fat burning, which is a manifestation of its natural ingredients. Artificial leather will produce a green flame when burning, accompanied by a pungent smell.
5. Observing the cross-section of the leather, genuine leather shows the structure of the fiber tissue, while the cross-section of artificial leather may show small holes, which is a characteristic of foamed chemical raw materials.

In addition, there may be some flaws on the rawhide, such as beef tendons, blood vessel patterns, scratches, and knife wounds. These are all part of natural leather, adding unique beauty and value to genuine leather.
1. Damage caused by survival
A. Punctures: Punctures caused by sharp objects such as wire and thorns, or injuries caused by fighting.
B. Branding: Marks left on the leather using hot iron or sulfuric acid.
C. Wormholes: Scars left after insects, snakes, etc., bite the surface of the cowhide, which are damages during the slaughtering process.
D. Knife wounds: Damage caused by the cutting of fiber tissue by external forces such as knives during slaughtering.
E. Blood vessels: Blood vessels remaining on the leather due to incomplete bleeding during slaughtering.
F. Peeling injuries: Tears caused by improper operation of the peeling machine, excessively stretching the leather.
2. Damage during storage
A. Salt spots: Uneven dyeing of leather due to the formation of phosphates, resulting in color difference.
B. Decay: Corrosive decomposition of the grain or fiber, affecting the overall quality of the leather.
C. Cracks: The leather becomes too dry due to long-term storage, causing the grain to burst, affecting the appearance.